RIF is often framed as a “woman’s problem,” but the sperm contribution is real and frequently untested. Beyond the standard sperm count and motility, DNA fragmentation (DFI) reflects broken genetic material that a standard analysis misses; higher DFI is associated with lower implantation and higher early pregnancy loss — especially when embryos look good. Testing…
After repeated failed transfers, changing the protocol is tempting — but, as with day-3 arrest, it should be a decision tied to a finding, not a reflex. The right move depends on which domain your work-up implicates: a cavity problem needs surgery, not a new drug; an unexplained case needs caution against unproven “boosters.” This…
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) means a competent embryo repeatedly fails to attach and establish a pregnancy. A common working definition is the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transferring good-quality embryos across at least three IVF/ICSI cycles — often cited as 10 or more good embryos — in a woman under 40 (Coughlan et…